Railway History

The train is a means of transport such as vehicles powered by motion, either walking alone or coupled with other vehicles, which will or is moving on rails. The train is a means of mass transportation that generally consists of a locomotive (vehicle dynamics with the run itself) and a series of trains or carriages (coupled with other vehicles). The wagon train set or are relatively wide so it can accommodate a passenger or goods on a large scale. Because of its nature as an effective mass transit, some countries try to use it to its full potential as the primary means of transportation road transport both within the city, intercity, and interstate.

History

Railway history as the history of transportation that generally begins with the discovery of the wheel. Initially known carriage of only one train (series), and then made an attractive carriage of more than one series and running in a particular pathway made of iron (rail) and is called the gauge. It is used especially in the mining areas where lorries are coupled and drawn by horse power.
After James Watt invented the steam engine, Nicolas Cugnot made three-wheelers fueled steam. People refer to the vehicle as the iron horse. Then Richard Trevithick made locomotive engine coupled with the train and use it on the show in front of the public. George Stephenson perfected the locomotive that won the race and locomotive used on the Liverpool-Manchester. At that time, the use of steam locomotives constructed grasshopper. Completion for the improvements made to get more effective steam locomotive, great power, and is able to attract more trains.
The discovery of electricity by Michael Faraday made some discoveries that followed the discovery of electric equipment electric motor. The electric motor is then used to create an electric tram which is the forerunner of an electric train. Then Rudolf Diesel diesel trains bring more powerful and more efficient than the steam locomotive. Along with the development of electrical and magnetic technology is more advanced, they invented magnetic trains that have speeds above the speed of regular trains. Japan in the 1960s to operate KA Super Ekspress Shinkanzen Tokyo-Osaka route that eventually developed further so as to reach almost all of Japan. Then France operate trains similar to the TGV name.

In terms of rail

Conventional rail train


Conventional trains in Jakarta Kota Station
Conventional rail trains are a common rail. Using rail consisting of two steel rods were placed in the bearings. In certain areas which possess high levels steep, jagged used rails placed in the middle of the tracks and using special locomotives have gears, and only on the island of Sumatra and Java

Monorail train

The monorail trains (single track railway) is a railway track as a train line is not usually found. Rail consists of only one iron rod. The layout is designed to hang on a rail or rails on the tracks. Because efficient, typically used as a means of urban transport, especially in metropolitan cities of the world and is designed much like the overpass.

In terms of above / below ground level

If a city is built with cross overpass or underground, no railroad crossings so train schedules can be 1.5 to 2 minutes or so as it did in Japan. Therefore KRL in Jakarta may not be operated less than 10 minutes, because there are railroad crossings, consequently also each set of KRL is always full.

Trains surface (surface)

Trains running on the ground surface. Generally trains often met trains of this type. Construction costs for surface rail is the cheapest compared to that underground or elevated. Generally the track surface in Indonesia were built before World War II.

Railroad overpass (elevated / viaduct)

Railroad overpass goes over with the help of poles, this is to avoid cross plot, so as not to require railroad crossings. Costs incurred approximately 3 (three) times of trains surfaces with the same distance, eg for surface rail it needs $ 10 million to train overpass would need $ 30 million. In Jakarta there is a path from Manggarai to the City through Gambir station. At the center of this cross, Manggarai - City, no railroad crossings. Original plan for the eastern (Jatinegara - Monday - City) and cross west (Manggarai - Tanah Abang), will also be filed, but finances are not sufficient, so only cross midst are solved temporarily. The plan from Senayan to Brass are made Malaysia.dari monorail overpass traffic on it is composed of countries that have rangcangan sesuaikn about railroad history.
[Edit] underground train (subway)
Subway is a train that runs beneath the surface of the ground (subway). Trains of this type built by building tunnels under the ground as the railway line. Commonly used in big cities (metropolitan) such as New York, Tokyo, Paris, Seoul and Moscow. He was also used on a smaller scale in the mining area. Costs incurred very expensive, as they often penetrate 20m below the surface, this time - the building and the street, which is 7 (seven) times on the train surface. For example, when to build with the same distance to the surface requires a $ 10 million, which is below ground requires $ 70 million. In Japan, the construction of subway traffic was started in 1905.Jakarta planned to be built a subway segment Upper Hamlet MassTransit project to the City of Jakarta.

Reference

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kereta_api